編者按：2024年12月12-13日，由波蘭共和國科教部等多家歐洲機(jī)構(gòu)支持召開了“超越歐洲：AI在國際關(guān)系與溝通中機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)”主題論壇，來自世界10多個(gè)國家的政要專家學(xué)者參會(huì)。13日上午，以“中國：‘全球南方’科技領(lǐng)袖”為主題的分論壇上，中國人民大學(xué)重陽金融研究院院長王文受邀參加，與阿爾巴尼亞前外長阿里亞斯塔諾娃等多國嘉賓一起就全球高科技形勢進(jìn)行了討論。王文就“高科技霸權(quán)”的警示受到了廣泛關(guān)注。現(xiàn)將演講視頻及中英文內(nèi)容發(fā)布如下：
▲點(diǎn)擊查看視頻非常感謝Nowiak教授的邀請，給我這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)與各位分享對中國高科技政策與中美關(guān)系的看法。
我首先想和各位聊一聊高科技霸權(quán)對全球安全的威脅。當(dāng)然，我首先要說，高科技帶給人們許多便利，但另一方面，智能科技革命正在形成新的技術(shù)鴻溝。這是非常需要警惕的。
在全球20大經(jīng)濟(jì)體中，8個(gè)是國家，還有9家是高科技公司，微軟、蘋果、英偉達(dá)、谷歌、亞馬遜以及特斯拉、臺(tái)積電、博通（Broadcom）、三星。高科技公司數(shù)量超過國家數(shù)量。更重要的是，高科技公司的力量，已超過世界絕大多數(shù)國家的力量。
高科技公司通過數(shù)據(jù)算法、信息通訊操縱了世界上絕大多數(shù)人的思考，甚至操縱選舉。
許多證據(jù)已表明，美國政府與高科技公司合作，正在形成新的科技霸權(quán)，美國在全球設(shè)立600多個(gè)軍事基地，正在監(jiān)視全世界，包括有可能監(jiān)視我們每一個(gè)人。
在這種高科技霸權(quán)的等級(jí)制結(jié)構(gòu)中，歐洲、日本都已變成弱國。其他國家與地區(qū)，基本沒有高科技公司，都必須依賴于美國。這是對全球安全新的最大威脅。
我不知道，你們是否知道一個(gè)新詞，叫“認(rèn)知戰(zhàn)”，那就是利用高科技影響人們的認(rèn)知與思考。問題是，誰在對我們發(fā)動(dòng)這場“認(rèn)知戰(zhàn)”？我們必須思考，我們必須產(chǎn)生文化自覺意識(shí)。
第二點(diǎn)，我想與各位分享中國科技崛起的意義。
過去10年，中國是世界上唯一一個(gè)在高科技自主創(chuàng)新方面擺脫美國控制的國家。中國正在成為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的高科技力量，并且愿意平等、自由地分享科技產(chǎn)品，包括5G基站、新能源車、光伏產(chǎn)品等。
目前中國布局的5G基站占世界的60%，但價(jià)格只有美國主導(dǎo)的40%，更便宜，且性能更好。
中國品牌的新能源車占有世界的70%以上，但平均價(jià)格只有美國主導(dǎo)的2/3；中國光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)占全世界市場份額80%以上，價(jià)格是20年前由美國、日本壟斷時(shí)期的10%。
非常明顯，中國正在讓整個(gè)世界享有更優(yōu)惠、更平等的高科技生活。用不了多久，我們的電腦系統(tǒng)會(huì)更便宜，而不是只能用微軟一家；芯片也會(huì)更便宜，因?yàn)橹袊卺绕稹?br/>
由此看，中國的反高科技?jí)艛啵敲绹糁浦袊�、發(fā)動(dòng)高科技戰(zhàn)的本質(zhì)原因。
最后一點(diǎn)，我想與大家分享的是，我們需要科技的共同進(jìn)步。
中國明確反對美國“小院高墻”的科技政策。科技屬于全人類，不能成為一個(gè)國家霸權(quán)的工具，也不能成為一個(gè)國家獲得暴利壟斷的工具。
目前中國每年大約向全世界投資1500億美元，是全球最大的對外投資國家之一，其中相當(dāng)大一部分是工業(yè)投資、科技投資。中國從來不保留科技轉(zhuǎn)讓與分享。
過去兩年，我曾調(diào)研過巴西、波蘭、印尼、阿聯(lián)酋、俄羅斯等30多個(gè)國家，我親眼看到了中國在各個(gè)國家投資的科技合作進(jìn)展。
是的，我們需要科技平等、科技創(chuàng)新、科技分享、科技進(jìn)步。
如果沒有科技的共同進(jìn)步，很多國家仍然會(huì)在高科技霸權(quán)的壟斷之下。如果那樣，未來，非洲發(fā)展沒有希望，拉丁美洲沒有希望，中東歐也沒有希望，包括波蘭也沒有希望。
更糟糕的是，我再簡單地進(jìn)行設(shè)想，如果一些國家的大公司控制AI，再由AI控制世界，世界會(huì)變得更危險(xiǎn)。這是一個(gè)非常嚴(yán)肅的話題。對此，中國已經(jīng)提出了“全球AI治理倡議”，歐洲也有類似的設(shè)想，我們可以多合作。
再次感謝邀請。
▲會(huì)議主題
以下為演講英文版
Thank you very much for the invitation from Professor Nowiak. Thank you for giving me such a great opportunity to share my views on Chin's high-tech policiesand the relationship between China and the United States.
I would first like to talk about the threat of high-tech hegemony to global security. Of course, the first thing I want to say is that high-tech brings people a lot of convenience, but on the other hand, the intelligent technology revolution is forming a new technological divide or gap. This requires great vigilance.
Among the top 20 economies in the world, 8 are countries and 9 are high-tech companies, including Microsoft, Apple, (Nvidia), Google, Amazon, (Tesla), TSMC, Broadcom, and Samsung. The number of high-tech companies exceeds the number of countries. More importantly, the power of high-tech companies has surpassed that of the vast majority of countries in the world.
High tech companies manipulate the thinking of the vast majority of the world's population and even manipulate elections through data algorithms and information communication.
Many pieces of evidence have shown that, the US government is collaborating with high-tech companies to form a new technological hegemony. The US has established over 600 military bases worldwide and is monitoring the entire world, including potentially every one of us now.
In this hierarchical structure of high-tech hegemony, Europe and Japan have both become weak countries. Other countries and regions generally do not have high-tech companies and must rely on the United States. This is the biggest new threat to global security.
I don't know whether you know a new term called ‘cognitive warfare’, which refers to the use of high technology to influence people's cognition and thinking. The question is, who is waging this ‘cognitive war’ against us? We must think, we must generate cultural consciousness.
Secondly, I would like to share with you the significance of China's technological rise. In the past decade, China has been the only country in the world to break free from United States’ control in high-tech independent innovation.
China is becoming an independent high-tech force and is willing to share technology products equally and freely, including 5G stations, new energy vehicles, photovoltaic products, etc. At present, China's 5G stations account for 60% of the world's total, but China’s prices are only 40% of those dominated by the United States, which is cheaper and has better performance; Chinese brands account for 70%or more of the world's new energy vehicles, but their average prices are only 2/3 of those dominated by the United States; The Chinese photovoltaic industry accounts for over 80% of the global market share, and its price is only 10% of what it was 20 years ago when it was monopolized by the United States and Japan. So it is very obvious that China is providing the whole world with a more favorable and equal high-tech lifestyle.
It would not be long before our computer system becomes cheaper, instead of relying on Microsoft; Chips will also be cheaper because China is rising now. From this perspective, China's anti high-tech monopoly is the fundamental reason why the United States wants to contain China and launch a high-tech war.
The third point, also the last point I want to share with everyone is that we need the common progress of high-tech. China opposes the United States' "small courtyard, high wall" technology policy. Technology belongs to all mankind and cannot become a tool for a country's hegemony, nor can it become a tool for a country to gain huge profits and monopolize.
Now China invests $150 billion annually in the world, making it one of the largest outward investor in the world, with a significant portion of this investment coming from industrial and technological sectors. China has never reserved technology skills, transfer and sharing. In the past two years, I have conducted research in over 30 countries including Brazil, Poland, Indonesia, the UAE, and Russia. I have personally witnessed the progress of China's technological cooperation in investing in various countries. Yes, we need technological equality, technological innovation, technological sharing, and technological progress.
Without the common progress of technology, many countries will still be under the monopoly of high-tech hegemony. If that's the case, there will be no hope for Africa's development in the future, no hope for Latin America, no hope for Central and Eastern Europe, including Poland.
Even worse, if I simply imagine that some large companies in certain countries control AI, and then AI controls the world, the world will become even more dangerous. This is a very serious topic. In response, China has proposed the "Global AI Governance Initiative", and Europe has similar ideas. So I think we can cooperate more in the future.
Thank you again for the wonderful invitation. Thank you.
